Traumatic Brain Injury : Advanced Multimodal Neuromonitoring From

raumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for 1.4 million reported injuries and 52000 deaths each year in the United States. TBI is the leading cause of death and disability in patients from ages 1 to 44 years. The main causes of TBI are motor vehicle crashes, falls, and assaults. Secondary neurological damage, the damage that occurs in the ensuing hours and days after the primary injury, contributes markedly to poor neurological outcome and mortality. Signs of secondary neurological damage include brain swelling (Figure 1), somnolence, abnormal motor function, and pupillary changes. Nevertheless, the onset and extent of secondary injury are Traumatic Brain Injury: Advanced Multimodal Neuromonitoring From Theory to Clinical Practice